The cultures of Europe come together in Brussels, the capital of Belgium. Although it was formerly a Dutch-speaking commune, it has developed into a city that recognises Dutch, French, and German as the people’s three official languages. The Great Palace of Brussels, a huge structure and Brussels’ most recognisable monument, is among the city’s amazing examples of Gothic architecture. The city is also known as the “capital of the comic strip,” thanks to the vibrant comic strip murals that dot the entire city. Brussels is the culinary capital of Europe, with Belgian waffles, chocolates, and beer famed around the world for their unparalleled flavour and appeal.
Brussels is located in the central part of Belgium, in the region of Flanders. It is situated roughly in the centre of Europe, making it an important location for international organisations and institutions. The city is built on a series of hills and valleys, with the Senne River running through its centre. It is surrounded by forests and parks, including the Sonian Forest to the south-east of the city. The Brussels-Capital Region covers an area of approximately 162 square kilometres and has a population of around 1.2 million people.
Brussels has a rich and complex history that dates back to the Roman era, but it wasn’t until the 11th century that it began to develop as a significant settlement. In the 15th century, Brussels became the capital of the Duchy of Brabant and an important centre for trade and commerce. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the city experienced a period of cultural and artistic growth, as well as significant political and religious upheaval, including the Spanish occupation and the Dutch Revolt. In the 19th and 20th centuries, Brussels underwent major urban renewal, including the construction of the famous Art Nouveau buildings, and became the administrative capital of the European Union. Today, it is a vibrant and cosmopolitan city with a rich cultural heritage.
Brussels has a rich cultural heritage, reflected in its architecture, art, music, and cuisine. The city is famous for its Art Nouveau buildings, such as the Hôtel Tassel and Hôtel Solvay, which were designed by the famous Belgian architect Victor Horta. Brussels is also home to numerous museums, including the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, the Magritte Museum, and the Belgian Comic Strip Center.
The city has a thriving music scene, with many venues offering a range of genres, including jazz, rock, and electronic music. It is also known for its traditional folk music, such as the Bruxellois dialect songs, and for the famous Brussels Jazz Marathon that takes place annually.
In terms of cuisine, Brussels is renowned for its delicious chocolate, waffles, and beer. The city also has a strong tradition of gastronomy, with many Michelin-starred restaurants and local specialties, such as mussels and fries.
Brussels is home to three World Heritage Sites:
From the late 17th century, the Grand Place has been around. Great Place, which survived a terrible assault, serves as proof of Brussels’ victory after Louis XIV’s defeat in 1965. There were three marketplaces, one for meat, one for cloth, and one for bread, with allusions dating back to the beginning of the 13th century. There was an increase in local merchants with a flourishing trade later in the 14th century when modifications were made to Grand Place, which was then controlled by the Duke of Brabant. The Brussels Town Hall building on the southern edge of the square served as a marker despite the absence of a clear border.
Adolphe Stoclet, a banker and art collector, hired Josef Hoffmann, one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement, to build him this home in 1905, with no limits on either the project’s aesthetics or budget. The home and garden, which were finished in 1911, represented a turning point in Art Nouveau and foreshadowed Art Deco and the Modern Movement in architecture with its stark geometry. The Vienna Secession’s Stoclet House, which houses works by Koloman Moser and Gustav Klimt and embodies the idea of a “whole work of art,” is one of its most accomplished and uniform structures.
The four significant townhouses in Brussels—Hôtel Tassel, Hôtel Solvay, Hôtel van Eetvelde, and Maison & Atelier Horta—were created by Victor Horta, an early proponent of Art Nouveau and one of the most notable architects of the final decades of the 19th century. The open floor plan, light diffusion, and masterful merging of the curving lines of decoration with the building’s structure all define the stylistic revolution that these works represent.
If you’re considering a trip to Brussels and looking for ideas on what to explore, here are some must-visit attractions and sights in the city that you should definitely add to your itinerary:
The fountain known as Manneken Pis, or ‘peeing little man’, is located approximately five minutes from Grand Place. The bronze statue of a youngster peeing into the fountain’s basin has evolved into the symbol of the city.
One of the first sights visitors learn about and experience in the capital city is the Manneken Pis, a part of Brussels history since 1619. The first mentions of Manneken Pis date back to the 15th century, when it was intended to be a component of Brussels’ water supply system. When the water poured into a stone basin, the monument made a significant contribution to the provision of drinking water in Brussels. Subsequently, a bronze version of the statue was created using Hieronimus Duquesnoy’s original drawings.
Named after the patron saints Michael and Gudula, the Cathedral of St. Michael and Saint. Gudula is a Gothic-style church from the 11th century. It took this majestic church centuries of changes to become what it is now, and it is now recognised as a city historical landmark. In 1962, the church was accorded the title of ‘cathedral’. This cathedral is a very significant location since it hosts state funerals and royal weddings. The most striking aspects of this cathedral, which leave visitors in awe of its exquisite beauty, are the Gothic-styled towers, stained glass windows, and the large organ inside the church.
These six museums in Belgium are home to some of the most significant works of art, including paintings, sculptures, and sketches. The museum, which lies in the city’s Royal District, houses 20,000 works of art. By royal decree, a national commission was established to choose which sections would be showcased in the museums. The Old Masters, Magritte, Fin-de-Siècle, and Modern (selection) Museums are part of a network of museums that also houses the studios of artists Antoine Wiertz and Constantin Meunier. Pieter Bruegel, Peter Paul Rubens, Jacques Jordaens, Jacques Louis David, Auguste Rodin, James Ensor, Paul Gauguin, Ferdinand Khnopff, Henry Moore, Paul Delvaux, René Magritte, Marcel Broodthaers, and Jan Fabre are some of the prominent Flemish Primitives whose works are conserved in these institutions.
A well-known Roman Catholic church from the 15th century is Notre Dame Du Sablon. This remarkable building, which is situated in a region of significant historical significance, is one of the nation’s most distinctive and best examples of Brabant Gothic architecture. The church is renowned for its five wide naves with pillars and columns without capitals, which give it a vertical quality. Twelve apostle statues created by the top sculptors in the 17th century adorn the columns. With their 45 foot height, vibrant decorations, and intricate designs, the 11 glass windows, created by Samuel Coucke and Jacques Colpart, portray typical ancient gothic architecture while letting daylight in during the day.
City Museum, a major attraction in Brussels, is a tribute to the area’s rich cultural history and tradition. The museum, which is on Grand Place, features both new-age artworks and sculptures from the Middle Ages. The City Museum was established in 1887 on the second floor of the Gothic revival structure Maison du Roi, which is located directly across from the City’s Town Hall. The museum frequently hosts art shows with local talent and avant-garde art forms in addition to the usual displays.
The Basilica of the Sacred Heart was influenced by its Parisian counterpart. It is situated atop Koekelberg Hill and spans Park Elisabeth as a tribute to the Belgian independence movement. It is also the fifth-biggest church in the world and the largest in Brussels. King Leopold II laid the foundation stone for the Basilica on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of Belgian independence in 1905. The Basilica of the Sacred Heart in Brussels is the fifth-largest church in the world due to its 167 metre width. The church, a masterwork of 20th century architecture, combines the neo-Gothic and Art Deco movements. The two World Wars caused a temporary pause to the church’s construction, which was done in phases.
It takes an entire day to explore Parc du Cinquantenaire because it contains a variety of museums, stores, monuments, and art galleries all in one location. Several open theatre performances take place at the park’s arch-shaped monument. Not only is it the most beautiful park in Brussels, but it is also a well-known location with significant historical and cultural significance. The name, ‘Park of the Fifty-First Century’, honours King Leopold II, who constructed this magnificent structure to mark the country of Belgium’s independence’s golden jubilee.
Coudenberg Palace, once a royal house, is situated on Coudenberg hill, known as Brussels’ royal district. Every person who sees Coudenberg Palace is awestruck by its splendour, which attracts a number of historians and architecture enthusiasts from around the world. This magnificent castle was home to Charles V and other kings, who each made changes to the building until it caught fire in 1731 and completely burned down. But visitors still flock to this intriguing archaeological site because of the ruins.
People travel from all over the world to the Memling Museum, also known as Old St. John’s Hospital, to view the holy paintings and sculptures created by Flemish painters. The six paintings are on display at the hospital’s infirmary, including the well-known wooden St. Ursula Shrine. This mediaeval hospital was built in the middle of the 12th century as a place to treat and rest the sick and exhausted. It wasn’t until much later, in the 19th century, when the structure was expanded, that it was transformed into a true hospital with a total of eight wards. In 1977, the hospital’s operations were halted by this structure. It was eventually given to the city of Bruges, which turned it into a kind of museum.
Here are some unusual things to do in Brussels that might be off the beaten path:
Brussels is full of colourful murals and street art, but some of the best pieces are hidden away in back alleys and side streets. Take a walking tour or explore on your own to discover some of the city’s hidden gems.
Belgium is known for its beer, and this museum is dedicated to the history and culture of Belgian brewing. Learn about the different types of beer, brewing techniques, and the role of beer in Belgian culture.
Beneath the streets of Brussels lies a network of underground tunnels and chambers that were once used as a burial place for the city’s residents. Take a guided tour to explore this eerie and fascinating underground world.
Belgium is famous for its chocolate, and what better way to experience it than by making your own? Take a workshop with a local chocolatier and learn the art of chocolate-making while sampling some of the city’s best treats.
Brussels has a rich culinary tradition, and here are some dishes and specialties that you must try when visiting the city:
This classic Belgian dish consists of steamed mussels cooked in white wine or beer, served with crispy French fries and mayonnaise.
These delicious treats are made from a yeast-based batter that is cooked in a special waffle iron. They can be topped with a variety of sweet toppings, such as whipped cream, chocolate, or fruit.
A traditional Belgian meatball made with a mixture of beef and pork, often served with a variety of sauces.
A hearty Belgian dish made with mashed potatoes mixed with other vegetables such as carrots or leeks, served with sausage or meatballs.
A type of spiced biscuit that is often served with coffee or tea.
A Flemish beef stew made with beer, onions, and spices, served with bread or fries.
A creamy Belgian stew made with fish or chicken, vegetables, and cream.
A type of Belgian beer that is fermented with wild yeast, giving it a unique sour flavour.
Brussels has many hidden gems to discover beyond the well-known tourist attractions. Here are some hidden gems that are worth exploring:
These magnificent greenhouses are only open to the public for a few weeks each year, but they are well worth a visit. They contain a stunning collection of exotic plants and flowers, as well as rare and exotic trees.
This tranquil and picturesque courtyard is hidden away behind high walls in the heart of the city. It was originally built in the 17th century as a residence for unmarried women.
Beneath the royal palace in the city centre lies the remains of the original palace of Brussels, which was destroyed by fire in the 18th century. Visitors can explore the underground ruins and learn about the history of the palace.
Brussels has been home to many famous personalities throughout history. Here are some of the most notable:
The iconic actress and humanitarian was born in Brussels in 1929.
Audrey Hepburn
The creator of the beloved comic book series Tintin, Hergé was born in Brussels in 1907.
The renowned singer and songwriter was born in Brussels in 1929 and is considered one of the greatest French-language performers of all time.
Brussels hosts a variety of special events throughout the year. Here are some of the most popular events that are worth attending:
This free music festival takes place every year in May and features jazz performances throughout the city, including in Grand Place, Sablon and Saint-Jacques neighbourhoods.
This annual re-enactment of a historical pageant takes place in July in Grand Place, celebrating the arrival of Emperor Charles V in Brussels in 1549.
Once every two years in August, the Grand Place is adorned with a stunning flower carpet made up of over 600,000 begonias. The event attracts thousands of visitors from around the world.
Held annually in September, this event is a celebration of Belgium’s rich beer culture, with over 350 different beers from more than 50 Belgian breweries available to taste.
This annual event in September features over 100 food trucks and stalls serving up a variety of cuisines from around the world.
This festival celebrates the rich tradition of Belgian comic strip art, which includes famous characters like Tintin and The Smurfs. It takes place in September and features exhibitions, workshops, and events for all ages.
This annual festival in May celebrates the iris, which is the symbol of Brussels. It features music, dance performances, street food, and other cultural activities throughout the city.
Brussels offers a variety of shopping options, from high-end boutiques to independent shops and markets. Here are some of the best shopping places in Brussels:
This upscale shopping street is home to a variety of luxury brands and high-end boutiques, as well as popular department stores like Inno and Galeries Lafayette.
This historic square is known for its antique shops, art galleries, and luxury chocolatiers, making it a great spot for window shopping or finding unique souvenirs.
This trendy neighbourhood is home to a number of vintage and second-hand clothing stores, as well as flea markets and antique shops.
This open-air flea market in the Marolles neighbourhood is open daily and features a variety of vintage and second-hand goods, including clothing, furniture, and collectibles.
This elegant covered shopping arcade is home to a number of boutique shops and upscale chocolatiers, as well as theatres and cafes.
Brussels offers a variety of accommodation options, from budget-friendly hostels to luxury hotels. Here are some recommended hotels and accommodations in Brussels:
This luxury hotel, located in the heart of Brussels, is a popular choice for its elegant rooms, excellent service, and proximity to popular attractions like Grand Place and Manneken Pis.
This historic hotel, located in the city centre, is known for its Art Nouveau style and luxurious amenities, including a fitness centre and sauna.
This four-star hotel is located in the Sablon neighbourhood and offers comfortable rooms with modern amenities, including a fitness centre and rooftop terrace.
This boutique hotel is located in a historic building in the city centre and offers stylish rooms with modern amenities, as well as a cosy lounge area and a bar.
This budget-friendly hostel offers private rooms and dorms, as well as a shared kitchen and lounge area. It’s located near popular attractions like Manneken Pis and the Royal Palace.
This budget-friendly hostel offers private rooms and dorms, as well as a shared kitchen and lounge area. It’s located near popular attractions like the Atomium and Mini-Europe.
Brussels has a good public transportation system that includes buses, trams, and metro. Here are some ways to get around Brussels:
Brussels has four metro lines that cover most of the city, making it a convenient and efficient way to get around. The metro runs from 5:30 am to midnight on weekdays, and until 1 am on weekends.
Brussels also has an extensive tram network that covers the city centre and surrounding neighbourhoods. Trams run from around 6 am to midnight on weekdays, and until 1 am on weekends.
Brussels is a relatively small city, and many of its attractions are within walking distance of each other. Walking is a great way to explore the city and discover hidden gems.
Taxis are readily available in Brussels, and can be hailed on the street or found at taxi stands throughout the city. Uber and other ride-sharing services are also available in Brussels.
The best time to visit Brussels is during the summer months (June to August) when the weather is pleasant and there are many outdoor activities and events to enjoy. However, if you prefer to avoid crowds and save money, the shoulder season or off-season may be a better option.
