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Experience Eastern Africa's stunning wilderness, breathtaking seascapes, diverse fauna, and fascinating civilizations, and an exciting and surprising place. It is home to some of the tallest mountains in the world, as well as other magnificent cultural landmarks like the Giza Pyramids. Discover Africa's natural splendor by diving into the Blue Nile, trekking the Great Rift Valley on foot to the shores of Lake Victoria, watching wildebeests cross the Masai Mara, and listening to hyenas howl under the Serengeti stars. Visit Nairobi for shopping, a Mount Kenya hike, and an Eastern African Safari.

Eastern Africa

The Ultimate Guide To Eastern Africa

Overview of Eastern Africa

East Africa is the Great Rift Valley, stretching from the Red Sea in the north, to the Guardafui Channel in the east, and the Mozambique Channel in the southeast. This region is where mankind first evolved, and members of the genus migrated out to the rest of the world. East Africa is a rich region in culture and history, yet this is often overlooked by visitors.

While the destroyed mediaeval towns of the East African coast were once the great hubs of shipping routes and the source of the majority of the world’s gold and other precious metals, the plains of East Africa’s interior are recognized as the cradle of humanity. The Ethiopian Highlands, a region with a history that is both fascinating and obscure, are littered with little rock-hewn churches and stelae.

Whether you’re interested in human origins, ancient spice trade routes, or mediaeval architecture, there’s something for everyone to explore in East Africa. Famous for its savannas, hosting a variety of well-known African continent flora and fauna.

 

Introduction of Eastern Africa

Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Comoros, and many other neighboring countries are all part of the Eastern African region. The Great Rift Valley, the old port city, Mount Kilimanjaro, and the Serengeti plain are just a few of the region’s many sceneries.

There are other diverse ethnic groups, customs, and languages there as well. Ancient civilizations like the Kingdom of Axum and the city-state of Meroe have left a rich historical legacy in the region.

A significant agricultural region, particularly one where cash commodities like coffee, tea, and others are grown, is Eastern Africa. Agriculture and tourism are the region’s two main brief occupations of economic growth.

 

History Of Eastern Africa

The history of eastern Africa is complex and diverse, spanning thousands of years. Early human settlements in the region date back to at least the early Stone Age, and over time, various groups migrated and settled in the area, including the Bantu, Nilotic, and Cushitic peoples.

The region has also been heavily influenced by spice trade and interaction with the Middle East Islamic influences and Asia, particularly through the Indian Ocean trade networks. In the more recent past century, the region was colonised by European countries in the 19th century, leading to the establishment of colonial territories and the suppression of indigenous cultures and economies. The British Empire attempted to establish a chain of colonies from Cape to Cairo in the late 19th century, duelling with German East Africa until the British nationals won World War I and took control of present-day Tanzania.

After gaining independence in the mid 20th century, most countries in the eastern Africa region faced ongoing political Instability and economic challenges, including civil war, poverty, worst drought, food insecurity, and disease. The world bank provides billions of dollars to the east African communities to improve the lives of millions of estimated population in East Africa.

 

Some Interesting facts about East Africa

  • The Masaai are one of the most well-known East African tribes and also one of the largest ethnic groups, with various traditions and ceremonies that have been a part of their population’s lives for hundreds of years.
  • The traditional Masaai dance, known as the ‘jumping or warrior dance’ is perhaps the best known.
  • This dance is only performed by all the men in the village as an adolescent rite of passage.
  • Tanzania boasts over 120 tribes, each with a unique set of traditions, culture, and language. Kenya houses around 40 different tribes.
  • Though both countries are rapidly modernising, the people of Tanzania and Kenya still treasure the cultural heritage that defines their identity.
  • late 17th to early 18th century The Sultanate of Oman, located at the western tip of the Arabian peninsula, established its political and economic supremacy over the region while Portuguese influence along the East African coast declined.
  • Traditional economic growth in East Africa was based on hunting, farming, animal husbandry, and even fishing in coastal areas. Iron-making was practised as early as 500 B.C., and local textile manufacturing using cotton began during the 11th century.
  • The common lingua Franca known as Swahili unites East Africa’s languages.
  • This language is spoken by more than 50 million people who live in the region and is the native tongue of a certain group of people called “Swahili”.
  • Swahili is a unique language in that it is spoken as a lingua Franca across a wide variety of situations, making it an excellent window into the vastly diverse cultures and societies of contemporary African countries.
  • The cuisine of Tanzania and Southern Kenya is a blend of various traditional African, Indian, and Arab influences.
  • The Horn of Africa is a peninsula located in the northeastern part of Africa and is made up of four countries: Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti.
  • The Horn of Africa is also affected by drought and famine, with the most recent worst drought in 2011-2012 affecting over 13 million people in the region after a recent survey of the United Nations and the African Union.
  • The Swahili coast has a long history of trade and commerce, with ancient trading ports such as Mombasa, Zanzibar, and Kilwa Kisiwani being important centres of trade between Africa and the Middle East. The region has a complex political history, with the region being colonized by Portuguese influences, the Omani Sultanate, and later the British interests Empire.
  • The Bantu peoples, the Malay people of Southeast Asia, the Islamic world, and the Western world have all immigrated to and influenced East Africa.
  • The great lakes region is a geographic region in east Africa known for its beautiful landscapes.

 

List of countries within and best places to visit in the East African Continent

Now Let’s Go through all the unique and fantastic countries of Eastern Africa.

1. Burundi 

Capital: Bujumbura
Currency: Burundian Franc (BIF)
International Airport: Melchior Ndadaye International Airport, Gitega International Airport, Kirundo International Airport.

Burundi is a land-fixed country in east-central Africa, south of the Equator. The country is a historic kingdom and one of the few countries in Africa whose borders were not determined by colonial rulers.

  • Burundi Drum Performance: If you want to witness a heart-pounding performance, you need to visit Burundi! Once reserved for essential events in the old Burundian monarchy, locals and visitors alike can now travel the Royal Drummers of Burundi and enjoy this UNESCO-declared Heritage by visiting the country’s region of Gishora.

  • Wildlife: Burundi is a nature-lovers paradise, with its lush forests home to tons of different species of plants and animals. If you’re looking to get more in touch with nature, the country has several national parks that are worth a visit.

  • Livingstone-Stanley Monument: A monument commemorating the famous explorers David Livingstone and Henry Morton Stanley who passed through the area in the 19th century.

  • Rumonge: A small town on the shores of Lake Tanganyika known for its traditional pottery and fishing industry.

  • Kibira National Park: A UNESCO World Heritage site known for its diverse ecosystems and population of endangered primates, including chimpanzees and golden monkeys.

 

2. Comoros

Capital: Moroni
Currency: Comoros Franc (KMF)
International Airport: Prince Said Ibrahim International Airport, Quani International Airport, Mohéli Bandar Es Eslam International Airport.

When you travel to Comoros, you’ll find plenty of things to see and do. From exploring popular tourist spots to enjoying the local culture, there’s plenty to keep you busy. Here are some of the best things to do in Comoros to make your trip a memorable one.

  • Mount Karthala: Mount Karthala is an active volcano located on Grande Comore Island, Comoros. It is the highest point on the island, rising 2,361 metres above sea level.

  • Lac Niamawi: Lake Nyamawi, also known as Lac Salé, is a tiny but stunningly beautiful lake on Grande Comore, the Union of Comoros’ biggest island.

  • Chomoni Beach: The most famous beach in Comoros, known for its crystal-clear water, white sand, and coral reef, is great for snorkelling and diving.

  • Mayotte: An island territory of France, known for its beautiful beaches, unique culture, and delicious seafood.

  • Anjouan: The middle of the four main islands, known for its traditional villages and colorful markets to explore the unique part of Comoros.

 

3. Djibouti

Capital: Djibouti City
Currency: Djibouti Franc (DJF)
International Airport: Djibouti-Ambouli International Airport.

Djibouti is a hidden gem in Eastern Africa and falls into the category of small things that have a big payoff. This tiny country part of the horn of Africa is full of beauty and stunning sites that you have to see to believe.

  • Lake Assal: “Honey Lake” is a crater lake located at the western end of the Gulf of Tadjoura. It sits 155 metres below sea level, making it the second lowest land depression on Earth after the Dead Sea.

  • Tadjoura: The country’s oldest city is known for its traditional architecture and historical sites, such as the 17th century mosque and the 19th century palace of the Goubet. The views of the waterfront are especially stunning in the late afternoon light.

  • The Red Sea: Djibouti is home to some of the most beautiful beaches and coral reefs, making it a popular destination for diving and snorkelling.

  • The Presidential Palace: This palace is a symbol of the country’s modernity and its architecture is a blend of traditional and modern styles.

  • Day Forest National Park: This protected area is home to a variety of wildlife, including baboons, hyenas, and over 350 species of birds.

 

4. Eritrea

Capital: Asmara
Currency: Eritrean Nakfa (ERN)
International Airport: Asmara International Airport, Assab International Airport.

It’s largely untouched by tourism, so it’s a much more authentic experience than you would find in many other places. Eritrea is the sort of country that most people have never even heard of, let alone can find on the horn of Africa. It’s a small country in East Africa, bordered by Sudan, Ethiopia, and Djibouti.

  • Asmara: Asmara is a charming city that should not be missed by anyone visiting Eritrea. The city is full of beautiful architecture that harkens back to the early days of Italian and German east African colonialism. There are also old-fashioned movie theatres that serve traditional East African espresso.

  • Independence Avenue: Asmara offers an array of activities that can easily fill one or two days. If you’re feeling energetic, hike up the hill to the local mosque for a birds-eye view of the city – it’s stunning!

  • Dahlak Archipelago, Red Sea off the coast: The archipelago is home to a wide variety of marine life, including colorful fish, turtles, and dolphins. The waters around the islands are also known for their clear visibility, making them ideal for diving. Visitors can also explore the ruins of these ancient civilizations, including the ruins of Ptolemaic and Roman fortifications, tombs, and other historical sites.

  • Sawa: A city located near the border with Sudan, known for its military academy and historical significance during the Eritrean War of Independence.

  • Debre Bizen Monastery, Asmara: The monastery is built on top of a hill and offers panoramic views of the surrounding countryside. The monastery is an important religious site for the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church and is home to several ancient manuscripts, some of which date back to the 13th century.

 

5. Ethiopia

Capital: Addis Ababa
Currency: Ethiopian Birr (ETB)
International Airport: Addis Ababa Bole International Airport, Jigjiga Garad Wilwal International Airport, Kebri Dahar International airport, Hawassa International Airport, Bahir Dar Belay Zeleke International Airport, and so on.

Ethiopia is a hidden gem of the African mainland that is often overlooked by travellers. Southern Ethiopia is known for its traditional dances and music, with popular traditional dances such as the “Chiro” and “Hora” originating from the region. It’s the second largest population country with a lot to offer in terms of cultural diversity, archaeological pedigree, and natural resources.

  • Addis Ababa: Ethiopia’s capital, Addis Ababa, is located near the center of the country. The name Addis Ababa means ‘new flower’, and it is indeed a relatively modern city founded in 1887 by Emperor Menelik II.

  • Adigrat: The city of Adigrat is located in the Tigray region of the horn of Africa, and it is the northernmost city in this area. This lodge is a comfortable place to stay while exploring the rock churches that the Tigray region is known for.

  • The Danakil Depression, Northeastern Ethiopia: The Danakil Depression is one of the lowest and hottest places in the horn of East Africa region on Earth. It is known for its unique and otherworldly landscapes, salt mines, and the active volcano Erta Ale. Due to the harsh conditions and remote location, visiting the Danakil Depression requires a guided tour and a high level of fitness, as well as proper planning and preparation.

  • Gondar, Akhara region: It is a city located in the northwest of the country. It is known for its seventeenth-century castles and palaces, which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The city was once the capital of the Ethiopian Empire and the castles and palaces were built during this time, many of them by Emperor Fasilides and his descendants.

  • The Blue Nile Falls, Amhara region: It is also known as Tis Issat (Smoke of Fire) in Amharic, is a stunning waterfall located near the town of Bahir Dar. It is one of the most famous natural attractions in Ethiopia and is known for its beautiful scenery and hiking opportunities.

 

6. Kenya

Capital: Nairobi
Currency: Kenyan Shilling (KES)
International Airport: Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, Moi International Airport, Kisumu International Airport, Malindi International Airport, Eldoret International Airport, and so on.

Kenya is a country located in East Africa that is known for its beautiful landscape such as Mount Kenya and rich culture. Western Kenya is known for its rich agricultural potential, with crops such as sugarcane, tea, and coffee being major cash crops. If you are looking to explore historical places, Present day Kenya has many museums. You can also enjoy the country’s beautiful scenery during the summer season.

  • Nairobi: The National Museum, Railway Museum, Giraffe Centre, Karen Blixen, Karura Forest, and David Sheldrick Trust Elephant are all great places to visit when you’re in Nairobi.

  • Samburu: Samburu County is home to several game reserves, including the famed River Ewaso Ng’iro reserve. Situated on the banks of this river in the former Rift Valley province of northern Kenya.

  • Maasai Mara National Reserve: A large wildlife reserve in the southwest of the country, known for its large populations of big cats, elephants, and other wild animals, as well as the annual wildebeest migration. The Masai tribe, a semi-nomadic pastoralist community lives there.

  • The Great Rift Valley: a geological formation that stretches from Syria to Mozambique, known for its beautiful landscapes, including lakes and escarpments, and the many prehistoric sites found in the area.

  • Lamu Island: a UNESCO World Heritage Site located on the East African coast in the Indian Ocean, known for its well-preserved Swahili architecture and culture, as well as its beaches and water sports.

 

7. Madagascar

Capital: Antananarivo
Currency: Malagasy Ariary (MGA)
International Airport: Ivato International Airport, Antananarivo International Airport, Mananara Nord International Airport, Fascene International Airport, Ambalabe International Airport, and so on.

Madagascar is an amazing place full of natural beauty and adventure. There are so many things to do on this paradise island, from exploring the jungle to relaxing on the beach.

  • Antananarivo: The capital city of Madagascar, known for its colonial architecture, markets, and museums, including the Musee d’Art et d’Archeologie and the Musee Andafivaratra.

  • Ile Sainte Marie: Ile Sainte Marie, off the east coast of Madagascar, is a top tourist destination for its beautiful, serene waters which make for perfect snorkelling spots.

  • Isalo National Park: The Isalo National Park is a popular tourist destination due to its diverse and unique landscape. The park is situated in the central southern region of Madagascar and features areas of grassland, canyon, and sandstone structures.

  • The Avenue of the Baobabs, West Madagascar: A unique natural attraction located in the western part of the island, known for its large baobab trees that line the road.

  • Nosy Be, Northwest coast of Madagascar: An island known for its beaches, water sports, and the Lokobe Reserve, a protected area home to lemurs and other wildlife.

 

8. Malawi 

Capital: Lilongwe
Currency: Malawian kwacha (MWK)
International Airport: Lilongwe International Airport, Chileka International Airport, Mzuzu International Airport, Club Makokola International Airport.

The wide, glittering waters of Lake Malawi, which make up approximately a quarter of the country’s surface and provide visitors with a spot to kayak, snorkel, and dive, are what define Malawi.

But, there are many other places to explore on your trip to Malawi.

  • Lake Malawi: Most visitors to Malawi- the world’s first freshwater national park. The tropical blue waters are home to a dazzling array of cichlids providing the perfect place to relax and take in natural habitat.

  • Cape Maclear: Nestled between Forested mountains, the small fishing village of Cape Maclear is also a popular tourist destination, known locally as Chembe.

  • Zomba Plateau, Southern Malawi: Zomba Plateau is a highland area known for its natural landscape, including rolling hills, lush forests, and scenic viewpoints. It is a popular spot for hiking and nature walks and offers great opportunities for birdwatching. The plateau also has a rich cultural history, with the ruins of the old Zomba town and the Zomba Palace, once the residence of the British interests of the colonial governor.

  • Chitimba Beach, Lake Malawi, Karonga District: Chitimba Beach is a popular spot known for its clear blue waters and sandy beaches, which make it a popular spot for swimming and sunbathing. The area around the Chitimba beach offers a variety of activities, such as visiting the cultural village and traditional fishing village or taking a guided hike to the nearby Chitimba hot springs.

  • Likoma Island, Mozambican border: The island is known for its stunning scenic beauty, including clear blue waters, white sandy beaches, and lush vegetation. Accommodation options on the island range from budget-friendly guest houses to more upscale lodges and resorts. It’s a great destination for those looking for a mix of relaxation and cultural exploration.

 

9. Mauritius

Capital: Port Louis
Currency: Mauritian Rupee (MUR)
International Airport: Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport, Sir Charles Gaetan Duval International Airport.

Mauritius is an ideal destination for anyone looking to enjoy the sun, sand, and surf all in one place. Travellers can experience a memorable holiday with plenty of activities, such as exploring the local culture, soaking up the sun on the beach, or doing water sports.

  • Trox Aux: With gentle sands shelving calm, shallow, and clear water, this is an ideal place for a beach picnic with family and friends.

  • Belle Mare Plage: If you’re looking to enjoy a beautiful sunrise, Belle Mare Plage beach in Mauritius is the place to be.

  • Pamplemousses Garden: Known as the Royal Botanical Garden, it’s the oldest botanical garden in the southern hemisphere, it has a collection of endemic and exotic plants, including giant water lilies, and a large pond filled with fish.

  • Chamarel, west coast Mauritius: A small village on the west coast of the island, known for its Seven Colored Earth, a geological formation that creates a rainbow of colors on the soil.

  • Blue bay, Southeast coast: is a picturesque bay known for its crystal clear waters and Marine park. Blue Bay beach is a popular spot for sunbathing and relaxing, and there are also several water sports available, such as jet skiing, parasailing, and windsurfing. The area around Blue Bay also has several restaurants and shops.

 

10. Mayotte

Capital: Mamoudzou
Currency: Euro (EUR)
International Airport: Dzaoudzi Pamandzi International Airport.

Mayotte is an overseas department of France that includes the two southeastern most islands of the Comoros archipelago. An amazing place to travel.

  • Mayotte Island: During your stay in Mayotte, be sure to visit the island’s stunning beaches. Some of the most popular beaches include Ngouja, Sakouli, Soho, and Bourne.

  • Mount Choungui: Well, ‘climbing’ might be a bit of a strong word for the second-highest peak on the island (594m) which is accessible from the village of Choungui.

  • Le marché de Mamoudzou, Mamoudzou: It is a great place to experience the local culture and customs of the people of Mayotte. The market is also a great place to sample local food, including curries and other spicy dishes, as well as traditional sweets. It’s also a good place to shop for souvenirs to take back home.

  • Plage de N’Gouja: It is a beautiful white sand beach located on the island of Mayotte. It is known for its clear blue water and is surrounded by lush vegetation, adding to its scenic beauty.

  • The island of Petite-Terre: is known for its beautiful beaches, crystal clear waters, and the presence of the famous pink sand. The island is a great place to relax, swim, and enjoy the island’s scenic beauty.

 

11. Mozambique

Capital: Maputo
Currency: Mozambican Metical (MZN)
International Airport: Maputo International Airport, Nampula International Airport, Pemba International Airport, Beira International Airport, Chingozi International Airport, and so on.

Mozambique is an excellent country to visit for anyone interested in African culture, as it is reflected strongly in the food, music, and art. The climate is warm and tropical, making it a perfect destination for tourists any time of year.

  • Quirimbas Archipelago: The island country located on the east African coast. It is well known for its scenic beauty, coral reefs, and marine life including whales, dolphins, and endangered sea cows.

  • Paroquia Santo: The church’s eye-catching architecture and beautiful glass windows are worth seeing. Its one-of-a-kind exterior is interesting and unique – you’re sure to be amazed!

  • Tofo Beach: A popular destination for diving and snorkelling, known for its clear waters and diverse marine life, including whale sharks and manta rays.

  • Ilha de Mozambique: A UNESCO World Heritage Site and former capital of Mozambique, known for its well-preserved colonial architecture and rich history.

  • The Bazaruto Archipelago: The archipelago consists of six islands, the largest of which is Bazaruto Island. The islands are also popular spots for honeymooners and luxury travelers, as there are several high-end resorts on the islands.

 

12. Reunion 

Capital: Saint-Denis
Currency: Euro (EUR)
International Airport: Roland Garros International Airport, Pierrefonds International Airport.

Réunion Island is an overseas department and region of the French Republic, located in the Indian Ocean about 200 km southwest of Mauritius and about 700 km east of Madagascar.

  • Le Gouffre: Le Gouffre is a cliff area on the south coast of Guernsey that is four kilometres south of Les Environs. It is a popular spot for hiking and enjoying the scenery.

  • Musee Leon Dierx Museum: The Museum of Modern Art, or MoMA, is one of the most famous museums in the world. It’s known for housing some of the most iconic pieces of art.

  • Parc national de la Réunion: a protected area that covers a large part of the island, known for its diverse ecosystems, including rainforests, waterfalls, and hiking trails.

  • Cirque de Cilaos: Cirque de Cilaos is a cirque or a circular valley formed by glacial erosion, located on the island of Réunion. It is known for its beautiful landscape and scenic views, including the Piton des Neiges, which is the highest peak on the island. The cirque is also a popular spot for hiking and outdoor activities.

  • La Possession, Northwest Reunion: La Possession is a commune located in the Indian Ocean. It is part of the metropolitan area of Saint-Denis, the capital of the island. The commune is known for its natural views and its proximity to the ocean, and it is a popular spot for swimming, fishing, and other water sports.

 

13. Rwanda

Capital: Kigali
Currency: Rwandan franc (RWF)
International Airport: Kigali International Airport, Kamembe International Airport.

Rwanda is one of the best places in the world to see gorillas in their natural habitat. The country has made significant strides in conservation to protect the animals and their habitat.

  • Volcanoes National Park: The number one activity that should be on your list is gorilla trekking at Volcanoes National Park. The trekking experience usually lasts around four to eight hours.

  • Kigali Genocide Memorial: The main exhibit hall at the museum is full of beautiful sculptures and stained-glass windows that cast a hopeful glow on the space.

  • The Royal Palace Museum, Nyanza: It’s a palace of the Rwandan monarchy, this palace museum is an interesting place to visit to learn more about Rwanda’s cultural heritage and traditional customs.

  • Akagera National Park: a savannah and wetlands park, home to a variety of wildlife including elephants, lions, leopards, and hippos.

  • Nyungwe Forest National Park: a large rainforest with a rich diversity of primates and other wildlife, including chimpanzees and colobus monkeys.

 

14. Seychelles

Capital: Victoria
Currency: Seychelles Rupee (SCR)
International Airport: Seychelles International Airport, Praslin International Airport.

The stunning, unspoiled islands of Seychelles are the stuff of tropical island fantasies, and too many a bucket list. Despite their idyllic reputation, however, the islands are home to some severe environmental challenges.

  • Anse Lazio: If you’re looking for one of the most beautiful beaches in Seychelles. Although you have to hike over a hill to reach it, the stunning views and crystal-clear waters are more than worth the effort.

  • Baie Lazare: The picturesque village of Baie Lazare on Mahé was named after 18th century French explorer Lazare Picault. Picault landed here when the French government sent him to explore the islands.

  • Mahe island: The Morne Seychellois National Park, the magnificent Beau Vallon Beach, the highest mountain ranges, and more than 65 beaches are among its many attractions making it the largest island in Seychelles. Mahé is well known for its gorgeous pink sand beaches and clear waters, which make the island the ideal setting for photography.

  • Cousine Island: It is frequently referred to as Seychelles’ jewel. The third most popular private island in the world, Cousine Island offers all the privacy and top-notch luxuries.

  • Bird Island, Northern Seychelles: Bird Island is one of the most fascinating destinations in Seychelles. More than 20 different bird species may be found on Bird Island, which is also home to some gigantic tortoises. The name “Îles aux Vaches” refers to the migratory birds as well as the lovely Dungun that live on Bird Island. It is a unique island where one can witness the true splendour of the natural world.

 

15. Somalia

Capital: Mogadishu
Currency: Somali shilling (SOS)
International Airport: Aden Adde International Airport, Egal International Airport, Berbera International Airport, Bosaso International Airport, Galco International Airport, and so on.

Somalia is one of the least developed countries on the planet in terms of its economy. East Africa’s stunning geography includes the African Great Lakes and the majority of the continent’s tallest mountains. Mountains, deserts, and the African Great Lakes separate it from the rest of the continent. Situated on the coastline of the horn of Africa in the Banadir region, Mogadishu is the capital and largest city of the eastern African country Somalia. The city covers an area of 1,657 km2.

  • National Museum, Mogadishu: The National Museum of Somalia in Mogadishu was founded in 1933 during Italian colonial rule. It showcases the country’s rich history and culture through its collections of artworks, bartering tools, traditional artifacts, and ancient weaponry.

  • National Theatre, Mogadishu: The National Theatre of Somalia is a key cultural hub in Mogadishu, founded in 1967. It was closed during the civil war in the 1990s but reopened in 2013, and regularly hosts cultural performances.

  • The Mediaeval city of Zeila, Northwestern Somalia: It is known for its ancient ruins, including the remains of a mosque and palace. It is an old city that has been compared to the commercial harbour known as the town of Avalites in classical antiquity, which dates to the first century AD.

  • The Puntland region, Northeastern Somalia: It is a semi-autonomous state and a great destination for adventurous travellers. Although Puntland has its government and public services and is generally safe and has less food insecurity in comparison to other parts of Somalia, it is still recommended to employ a local police force for the day.

 

16. Tanzania 

Capital: Dodoma
Currency: Tanzanian Shilling (TZS)
International Airport: Julius Nyerere International Airport, Abeid Amani Karume International Airport, Kilimanjaro International Airport, Mwanza International Airport, Arusha International Airport, and so on.

The United Republic of Tanzania was created in 1965 as a result of the Zanzibar Revolution, which joined Tanganyika, an autonomous state, to Tanzania’s mainland. Present-day Tanzania is a stunning East African country that is home to an array of diverse wildlife, ranging from the Big 5 game to colourful corals. Lake Victoria, the second-largest freshwater lake in the world, and Lake Tanganyika, the second-deepest lake in the world, are both found in East Africa, which is also well-known for its large bodies of water such as lakes Albert.

  • Mnemba Island: If you’re looking for a luxurious retreat in Tanzania, look no further than the spice plantations and the azure waters of the Indian Ocean.

  • Mount Kilimanjaro: Many adventure enthusiasts flock to this peak Tanzania tourist attraction because it is the base for some of the most difficult hiking and trekking trails.

  • Serengeti National Park: One of the most famous wildlife parks in the world, known for its large migratory herds of wildebeest, zebras, and other grazing animals, as well as predators such as lions and cheetahs.

  • Ngorongoro Conservation Area: a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its large crater, home to a wide variety of wildlife, including lions, elephants, and flamingos.

  • Olduvai Gorge: A significant archaeological site, where the remains of early human ancestors were discovered and it’s considered the “Cradle of Mankind”.

 

17. Uganda

Capital: Kampala
Currency: Ugandan Shilling (UGX)
International Airport: Entebbe International Airport, Arua International Airport, Gulu International Airport, Soroti International Airport, Moyo International Airport.

Uganda is a country that is truly blessed by nature. From the snow-capped Rwenzori Mountains to the source of the Nile River, Uganda has some of the most beautiful landscapes in all of Africa.

  • Lugazi: Buikwe city is located in Central Uganda on the Kampala-Jinja Highway and is referred to by locals as Kawelo. It is an important place culturally and is home to many educational institutes, sports facilities, and businesses.

  • Mityana: This African city is located in Central Uganda along the Kampala-Fort Portal highway. It is a bustling city with plenty of commercial and administrative activity.

  • The Ugandan Cultural Museum, Kampala: The museum is dedicated to showcasing the country’s rich cultural heritage, customs, and traditions. Visitors can learn about the history, art, and culture of the various ethnic groups that make up Uganda.

  • Bwindi Impenetrable National Park: a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its diverse primate population, including the endangered mountain gorillas.

  • Sipi Falls, Eastern Uganda: a series of three waterfalls located in Eastern Uganda, known for their scenic beauty and hiking trails. They are also an important source of hydroelectric power for the local community.

 

18. Zambia

Capital: Lusaka
Currency: Zambian kwacha (ZMW)
International Airport: Kenneth Kaunda International Airport, Livingstone International Airport, Simon Mwansa Kapwepwe International Airport, Chipata International Airport, Solwesi International Airport, and so on.

Zambia is one of the most beautiful countries on the African continent, and there are countless beautiful places to see here. As part of your vacation to this wonderful country, you can explore more than 20 National Parks.

  • Livingstone: Livingstone is one of the oldest and most popular cities in Zambia. It is located in the Southern Province and was the capital of Zambia until 2012 when Lusaka became the capital.

  • Kitwe: Kitwe is an energetic and lively industrial city located in the northern part of Zambia and the South-Central region of Africa.

  • The Royal Livingstone Hotel: The Royal Livingstone Hotel is a luxurious hotel located on the banks of the Zambezi River and offers breathtaking views of Victoria Falls.

  • Kafue National Park: This park is the largest in Zambia and one of the largest in Africa and offers a variety of activities such as game drives, boat rides, and fishing.

  • North Luangwa National Park: This national park is one of the most remote and least visited in Zambia, but offers excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing and birdwatching.

 

19. Zimbabwe

Capital: Harare
Currency: Zimbabwe Dollar (ZWL)
International Airport: Robert Gabriel Mugabe International Airport,  Victoria Falls International Airport, Joshua Mqabuko Nkomo International Airport.

Most of Zimbabwe’s top tourist attractions are located outside. If you choose to visit, you can expect to see stunning natural landscapes, encounter the unique wildlife and explore historical sites that provide insights into the continent’s past.

  • Hwange National Park: The oldest and largest of Zimbabwe’s game reserves, Hwange National Park. The park provides a refuge for over 100 species of mammals, including the endangered African wild dog.

  • Victoria Falls: Victoria Falls is one of the most impressive natural wonders in the world. It features a spectacular drop of 108 meters and stretches 1,708 meters wide. This makes it the largest sheet of falling water on the planet!

  • The Matobo Hills, Southern Zimbabwe: The Matobe hills are a range of granite hills located in southern Zimbabwe. The area is known for its unique geological formations, including balancing rocks and boulder kopje. The Matobo Hills are also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its unique beauty and cultural significance. The Matobo Hills are also a popular destination for rock climbing and photography.

  • Mana Pools National Park, Northern Zimbabwe: It is a national park located on the banks of the Zambezi River. It is known for its large elephant population and offers excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing and photography. The park is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its unique biodiversity and ecological importance. It’s also a great spot for canoe safari, as the park is situated in the floodplains of the Zambezi river.

  • Great Zimbabwe: This city is an ancient part of modern-day Zimbabwe. The ruins of the city are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and offer a glimpse into the country’s rich history and culture. The site also offers great views over the surrounding landscape and is surrounded by a beautiful landscape of hills and bushland.

 

Best time to visit Eastern Africa

The dry season, usually lasting from June to October, is the ideal time to travel to Eastern Africa because it is more pleasant and easier to see the animals.

The wild beast’s large migratory herds in the Serengeti and Masai Mara can be experienced during the dry season, which is also a popular period to go to Tanzania and Kenya.

The wet season, when the beaches and waterways are less packed, is the best time to visit the coast if you wish to do so.

As Eastern Africa has a variety of climates, it is always advisable to check the weather forecast and local recommendations before making travel arrangements. This is because weather patterns can change suddenly.

Keep in mind that some of the places may have limited access due to security issues, so it’s always best to check the current situation before planning your trip.

 

Food must try while visiting the Eastern African region

  • Ugali: Ugali is a type of cornmeal porridge that is a staple food in many parts of Eastern Africa, particularly Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. It is made by mixing cornmeal with water and cooking it over heat until it becomes a thick, dough-like consistency. Ugali is typically served with a variety of side dishes, such as stews, soups, and vegetables, and is often used as a scooping tool to eat these dishes.

  • Sukuma Wiki: It is a type of vegetable dish that is popular in Kenya and Tanzania. The main ingredient is collard greens (kales), but it can also include spinach, chard, or other similar greens. It is usually cooked with onion, tomato, and spices, and is often served as a side dish with ugali or rice. The dish is known for being a cheap and nutritious way to “stretch” the household food budget by adding vegetables to meals.

  • Nyama Choma: It is a popular dish in Kenya and Tanzania. It typically refers to grilled or roasted meat, usually beef, goat, or lamb, and it is a common dish at social gatherings and events. It is often marinated in a blend of spices, grilled over hot coals, and served with a variety of sides such as ugali, sukuma wiki, and chutneys.

  • Mandazi: Mandazi is a type of East African doughnut that is popular in Kenya, Tanzania, and other parts of East Africa, as well as in the East Africa diaspora. Mandazi can be enjoyed as a snack or as a breakfast treat. It is commonly served with tea or coffee, and it can be a sweet alternative to the staple Ugali.

  • Githeri: Githeri is a traditional Kenyan dish that is made from a mixture of corn and beans. Githeri can be served as a main dish or as a side dish, and it is considered a very nutritious and filling meal and sometimes it might be prepared with additional ingredients like meat, potatoes, and carrots.

  • Pilau: Pilau is a popular dish in Eastern Africa, particularly in countries such as Kenya and Tanzania. Pilau is often served as a main course and is considered a comfort food by many people in Eastern Africa. It’s a common meal in social events and parties.

  • Biryani: Biryani is a popular dish in Tanzania  that is often served at special occasions and celebrations. The dish is often served with raita (a yoghourt-based condiment) and a side of chutney. The Tanzanian version of Biryani is less greasy than the Indian version and more fragrant with more spices.

  • Mshikaki: Mshikaki is a popular dish from Tanzania, particularly the African coast region. It is made by marinating meat, usually beef or goat. The meat is then skewered and grilled over charcoal. The dish is traditionally served with a side of rice or chapati. Mshikaki is often considered a street food in Tanzania and it is also popular as a party food.

  • Tibs: Tibs are a popular dish in Southeastern Ethiopia and neighbouring countries. It is made by sautéing or grilling meat, usually beef, lamb, or chicken. Tibs are often served with injera or bread as a side. Tips can be served as a main dish or as an appetizer.

  • Rolex: Rolex is a popular street food in Uganda, it is a chapati rolled with eggs and vegetables like onions, tomatoes, and cabbage. It is a relatively cheap and quick meal that is popular among Ugandans, and it is often served as a breakfast dish.

 

Transportation in East African countries

When visiting Eastern Africa, there are several transportation options available to get around:

  • Bus: Bus service is widely available in most cities and towns, and it is usually the most affordable option for short distances. However, buses can be overcrowded in urban areas and are not always reliable.
  • Taxi: Taxis are widely available in cities and towns, and they can be a convenient option for getting around, but it’s important to agree on the fare before starting the trip.
  • Private Car: Hiring a private car with a driver can be a comfortable and safe way to get around, especially for longer distances or for traveling to remote areas.
  • Air Travel: Air travel is the most efficient way to cover long distances in Eastern Africa, especially if you plan to visit multiple countries.
  • Train: Train service is limited in Eastern Africa, and it’s primarily used for cargo transportation.

It’s worth noting that when traveling to remote and rural areas, it’s best to hire a 4×4 vehicle. It is also important to keep in mind that infrastructure and transportation in Eastern Africa can be limited, so it’s best to plan your trip and allow extra time for travel.

 

Wrapping up

Visiting Eastern Africa can be a unique and memorable experience. The region is home to diverse cultures, stunning natural landscapes, and a wealth of wildlife. Visitors can explore the lush rainforests and grasslands, go on safari to see elephants, lions, and other big games, and visit ancient historical and cultural land areas. However, it is important to be aware of and prepared for potential safety concerns and to be respectful of local East African community customs and traditions.

Overall, Eastern Africa offers a rich and rewarding travel experience for those who are willing to be open-minded and adventurous.

Burundi

Burundi Drum Performance

Wildlife

Livingstone-Stanley Monument

Rumonge

Kibira National Park

Comoros

Mount Karthala

Lac Niamawi

Chomoni Beach

Mayotte

Anjouan

Djibouti

Lake Assal

Tadjoura

The Red Sea

The Presidential Palace

Day Forest National Park

Eritrea

Asmara

Independence Avenue

Dahlak Archipelago, Red Sea off the coast

Sawa

Debre Bizen Monastery, Asmara

Ethiopia

Addis Ababa

Adigrat

The Danakil Depression

Gondar

The Blue Nile Falls

Kenya

Nairobi

Samburu

Maasai Mara National Reserve

The Great Rift Valley

Lamu Island

Madagascar

Antananarivo

Ile Sainte Marie

Isalo National Park

The Avenue of the Baobabs

Nosy Be

Malawi

Lake Malawi

Cape Maclear

Zomba Plateau

Chitimba Beach

Likoma Island

Mauritius

Trox Aux

Belle Mare Plage

Pamplemousses Garden

Chamarel

Blue bay

Mayotte

Mayotte Island

Mount Choungui

Le Marché de Mamoudzou

Plage de N’Gouja

The island of Petite-Terre

Mozambique

Quirimbas Archipelago

Paroquia Santo

Tofo Beach

Ilha de Mozambique

The Bazaruto Archipelago

Reunion

Le Gouffre

Musee Leon Dierx Museum

Parc national de la Réunion

Cirque de Cilaos

La Possession

Rwanda

Volcanoes National Park

Kigali Genocide Memorial

The Royal Palace Museum

Akagera National Park

Nyungwe Forest National Park

Seychelles

Anse Lazio

Baie Lazare

Mahe island

Cousine Island

Bird Island

Somalia

National Museum, Mogadishu

National Theatre, Mogadishu

The Mediaeval city of Zeila

The Puntland region, Northeastern Somalia

Tanzania

Mnemba Island

Mount Kilimanjaro

Serengeti National Park

Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Olduvai Gorge

Uganda

Lugazi

Mityana

The Ugandan Cultural Museum, Kampala

Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

Sipi Falls, Eastern Uganda

Zambia

Livingstone

Kitwe

The Royal Livingstone Hotel

Kafue National Park

North Luangwa National Park

Zimbabwe

Hwange National Park

Victoria Falls

The Matobo Hills, Southern Zimbabwe

Mana Pools National Park

Great Zimbabwe

ugali

Sukuma Wiki

Nyama Choma

Mandazi

Githeri

Pilau

Biryani

Mshikaki

Tibs

Rolex
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